Access Denied: The Practice and Policy of Global Internet Filtering (Hardcover)

Many countries around the world block or filter Internet content, denying access to information—often about politics, but also relating to sexuality, culture, or religion—that they deem too sensitive for ordinary citizens. Access Denied documents and analyzes Internet filtering practices in over three dozen countries, offering the first rigorously conducted study of this accelerating trend.

Internet filtering takes place in at least forty states worldwide including many countries in Asia and the Middle East and North Africa. Related Internet content control mechanisms are also in place in Canada, the United States, and a cluster of countries in Europe. Drawing on a just-completed survey of global Internet filtering undertaken by the OpenNet Initiative (a collaboration of the Berkman Center for Internet and Society at Harvard Law School, the Citizen Lab at the University of Toronto, the Oxford Internet Institute at Oxford University, and the University of Cambridge) and relying on work by regional experts and an extensive network of researchers, Access Denied examines the political, legal, social, and cultural contexts of Internet filtering in these states from a variety of perspectives. Chapters discuss the mechanisms and politics of Internet filtering, the strengths and limitations of the technology that powers it, the relevance of international law, ethical considerations for corporations that supply states with the tools for blocking and filtering, and the implications of Internet filtering for activist communities that increasingly rely on Internet technologies for communicating their missions.

Reports on Internet content regulation in forty different countries follow, with each country profile outlining the types of content blocked by category and documenting key findings.

Contributors: Ross Anderson, Malcolm Birdling, Ronald Deibert, Robert Faris, Vesselina Haralampieva, Steven Murdoch, Helmi Noman, John Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Mary Rundle, Nart Villeneuve, Stephanie Wang, and Jonathan Zittrain

許多國家在世界各地封鎖或過濾網絡內容，拒絕普通公民訪問他們認為對政治、性、文化或宗教等敏感的信息。《拒絕訪問》記錄並分析了三十多個國家的網絡過濾實踐，提供了對這一加速趨勢的首次嚴謹研究。

全球至少有四十個國家進行網絡過濾，其中包括亞洲、中東和北非的許多國家。加拿大、美國和歐洲一些國家也實施了相關的網絡內容控制機制。《拒絕訪問》依賴於哈佛法學院伯克曼互聯網與社會中心、多倫多大學公民實驗室、牛津大學牛津互聯網研究所和劍橋大學的合作組織OpenNet Initiative（ONI）最近完成的全球網絡過濾調查，並依靠區域專家和廣泛的研究人員網絡，從多個角度探討了這些國家的網絡過濾的政治、法律、社會和文化背景。各章節討論了網絡過濾的機制和政治、技術的優勢和局限性、國際法的相關性、為國家提供封鎖和過濾工具的企業的道德考慮，以及網絡過濾對越來越依賴互聯網技術傳達其使命的活動家社群的影響。

隨後，報告介紹了四十個不同國家的網絡內容管制情況，每個國家概述了按類別封鎖的內容類型並記錄了關鍵發現。

貢獻者：羅斯·安德森、馬爾科姆·伯德林、羅納德·戴伯特、羅伯特·法里斯、維塞利娜·哈拉蘭皮耶娃、史蒂文·默多克、赫爾米·諾曼、約翰·帕爾弗雷、拉法爾·羅霍欽斯基、瑪麗·倫德爾、納特·維勒紐夫、斯蒂芬妮·王和喬納森·齊特蘭。