軟件開發大數據分析研究與實踐

第1章 軟件開發大數據分析概述········································································1
1.1 問題背景····························································································1
1.1.1 快速交付與可信保障的雙重壓力······················································1
1.1.2 軟件的復雜性··············································································2
1.1.3 問題與挑戰·················································································2
1.2 軟件開發的數字化和智能化····································································4
1.3 軟件分析基礎······················································································8
1.4 代碼與設計質量分析············································································11
1.4.1 軟件缺陷分析·············································································12
1.4.2 軟件設計質量分析·······································································13
1.5 軟件開發質量追溯體系·········································································14
1.6 小結·································································································16
參考文獻··································································································17
第2章 軟件分析技術基礎···············································································18
2.1 靜態程序分析·····················································································18
2.1.1 程序的表示················································································18
2.1.2 程序語義···················································································21
2.1.3 靜態程序分析簡介·······································································23
2.2 動態程序分析·····················································································25
2.2.1 Tracing和Profiling······································································25
2.2.2 動態切片···················································································28
2.2.3 動態符號執行·············································································28
2.3 代碼克隆檢測·····················································································30
2.3.1 代碼克隆相關概念·······································································30
2.3.2 代碼克隆檢測的總體流程······························································32
2.3.3 代碼克隆檢測方法·······································································33
2.4 代碼差異分析·····················································································37
2.4.1 基於文本的差異分析····································································37
2.4.2 基於語法樹的差異分析·································································38
2.5 代碼演化分析·····················································································41
2.5.1 代碼共變的識別··········································································41
2.5.2 代碼共變識別的挑戰及解決方案·····················································43
2.5.3 代碼共變分析的應用····································································43
2.6 小結·································································································44
參考文獻··································································································45
第3章 軟件缺陷分析·····················································································49
3.1 基於靜態分析的缺陷分析······································································49
3.1.1 程序的狀態和語義·······································································49
3.1.2 抽象解釋理論·············································································51
3.1.3 基於抽象解釋的程序分析······························································58
3.1.4 案例分析···················································································59
3.2 基於深度學習的缺陷分析······································································67
3.2.1 基於代碼快照表示學習的缺陷檢測··················································67
3.2.2 基於代碼變更表示學習的缺陷檢測··················································69
3.3 基於大模型的缺陷分析···································································70
3.3.1 基於大模型的缺陷定位·································································70
3.3.2 基於大模型的缺陷檢測·································································71
3.3.3 基於大模型的缺陷修復·································································72
3.4 缺陷案例挖掘與分析············································································76
3.4.1 缺陷庫概述················································································76
3.4.2 基於自動化測試的缺陷案例收集·····················································77
3.4.3 缺陷案例分類與利用····································································80
3.5 小結·································································································82
參考文獻··································································································82
第4章 軟件設計質量分析···············································································85
4.1 概述·································································································85
4.1.1 軟件設計質量分析的目標······························································85
4.1.2 軟件設計質量分析的方式······························································86
4.2 模塊級軟件設計質量分析······································································87
4.2.1 代碼內聚度················································································87
4.2.2 代碼耦合度················································································88
4.2.3 代碼復雜度················································································89
4.2.4 代碼重復度················································································89
4.3 架構級軟件設計質量分析······································································90
4.3.1 架構復雜度分析··········································································90
4.3.2 模塊化······················································································91
4.3.3 層次結構分析·············································································93
4.3.4 軟件實現與架構設計的一致性分析··················································95
4.3.5 基於變更傳播的設計質量分析························································97
4.4 軟件設計異味檢測···············································································98
4.4.1 設計異味概述·············································································98
4.4.2 典型的設計異味········································································100
4.5 微服務架構設計質量分析····································································102
4.5.1 單體應用拆分方法·····································································102
4.5.2 微服務架構反模式·····································································103
4.6 小結·······························································································104
參考文獻································································································105
第5章 代碼克隆分析與管理···········································································107
5.1 概述·······························································································107
5.2 代碼克隆分析技術·············································································108
5.2.1 代碼克隆量與代碼克隆比例分析···················································108
5.2.2 代碼克隆譜系分析·····································································110
5.2.3 代碼克隆一致性修改分析····························································111
5.2.4 代碼克隆與缺陷的關系分析·························································113
5.2.5 代碼克隆危害分析·····································································114
5.3 代碼克隆管理技術·············································································116
5.3.1 代碼克隆的監控········································································116
5.3.2 基於危害分析的代碼克隆管理······················································118
5.3.3 代碼克隆一致性維護的推薦·························································119
5.3.4 面向軟件維護的代碼克隆可視化···················································120
5.4 小結·······························································································122
參考文獻································································································123
第6章 軟件供應鏈風險分析···········································································124
6.1 軟件供應鏈風險概述··········································································124
6.2 軟件成分分析···················································································126
6.2.1 基於包管理器的成分分析····························································126
6.2.2 基於代碼指紋的成分分析····························································129
6.3 安全風險分析···················································································131
6.3.1 漏洞數據庫構建········································································132
6.3.2 漏洞傳播影響分析·····································································137
6.3.3 惡意軟件包檢測········································································141
6.4 許可證風險分析················································································144
6.4.1 許可證沖突檢測········································································144
6.4.2 許可證違反檢測········································································145
6.5 維護風險分析···················································································147
6.5.1 組件沖突檢測···········································································147
6.5.2 組件版本統一分析·····································································148
6.5.3 組件版本升級推薦·····································································149
6.6 小結·······························································································150
參考文獻································································································150
第7章 代碼質量與開發效能分析·····································································153
7.1 概述·······························································································153
7.1.1 軟件開發質量和效能分析的挑戰···················································153
7.1.2 面向質量和效能的代碼大數據分析思路··········································154
7.2 代碼質量分析···················································································156
7.2.1 概述·······················································································156
7.2.2 靜態缺陷·················································································157
7.2.3 代碼克隆·················································································160
7.2.4 代碼復雜度··············································································163
7.2.5 第三方庫·················································································165
7.2.6 代碼質量的可視化·····································································166
7.3 開發效能分析···················································································173
7.3.1 概述·······················································································174
7.3.2 開發效能分析的指標體系····························································174
7.3.3 代碼貢獻·················································································175
7.3.4 代碼損耗·················································································175
7.3.5 開發任務與代碼的關聯分析·························································176
7.4 小結·······························································································178
參考文獻································································································178
第8章 代碼資產挖掘與推薦···········································································180
8.1 概述·······························································································180
8.2 基於克隆分析的代碼資產抽取······························································181
8.2.1 抽取通用功能實現·····································································181
8.2.2 抽取軟件設計模板·····································································184
8.3 搜索式代碼推薦················································································185
8.3.1 基於信息檢索的自然語言代碼搜索················································185
8.3.2 基於深度學習的自然語言代碼搜索················································194
8.3.3 基於相似性的代碼到代碼搜索······················································197
8.4 生成式代碼推薦················································································199
8.4.1 生成式代碼推薦技術思路····························································199
8.4.2 基於傳統方法的生成式代碼推薦技術進展·······································202
8.4.3 基於大模型的生成式代碼推薦技術進展··········································203
8.5 小結·······························································································205
參考文獻································································································206