An Introduction to Sonar Systems Engineering

An Introduction to Sonar Systems Engineering

Second Edition

Important topics that are fundamental to the understanding of modern-day sonar systems engineering are featured. Linear, planar, and volume array theory, including near-field and far-field beam patterns, beam steering, and array focusing, are covered. Real-world arrays such as the twin-line planar array and a linear array of triplets, which are solutions to the port/starboard (left/right) ambiguity problem associated with linear towed arrays, are examined in detail.

Detailed explanations of the fundamentals of side-looking (side-scan) and synthetic-aperture sonars are presented. Bistatic scattering with moving platforms is explored with derivations of exact solutions for the time delay, time-compression/time-expansion factor, and Doppler shift at a receiver for both the scattered and direct acoustic paths. Time-domain and frequency-domain descriptions, and the design of CW, LFM, and Doppler-invariant HFM pulses, are explained. Target detection in the presence of reverberation and noise is examined. Time-domain and frequency-domain descriptions of MFSK, MQAM, and OFDM underwater acoustic communication signals are also discussed.

Although the book is mathematically rigorous, it is written in a tutorial style. Many useful, practical design and analysis equations for both passive and active sonar systems are derived from first principles. No major steps in the derivation of important results are skipped - all assumptions and approximations are clearly stated. Particular attention is paid to the correct units for functions and parameters. Many figures, tables, examples, and practical homework problems at the end of each chapter are included to aid in the understanding of the material covered.

New to the Second Edition

Chapter 15 Synthetic-Aperture Sonar

Chapter 13, Section 13.3, The Rectangular-Envelope HFM Pulse

Chapter 10, Section 10.7, Moving Platforms, was rewritten, which allowed for the elimination of Appendix 10C from the first edition

New explanations/discussions were added to Subsections 1.2.1 and 1.3.1 in Chapter 1

Appendix 1A was rewritten and the new Table 1A-1 was added to Chapter 1

《Sonar系統工程入門》第二版

本書介紹了現代Sonar系統工程理解所必需的重要主題。包括線性、平面和體積陣列理論，近場和遠場波束圖案、波束轉向和陣列聚焦等內容。詳細探討了實際應用中的陣列，如雙線平面陣列和三元線性陣列，這些陣列是解決線性拖曳陣列中的左/右不確定性問題的解決方案。

書中詳細解釋了側視（側掃）和合成孔徑聲納的基礎知識。探討了移動平台上的雙靜散射，並導出了接收器上散射和直接聲學路徑的時間延遲、時間壓縮/時間擴展因子和多普勒頻移的精確解。解釋了時域和頻域描述，以及CW、LFM和多普勒不變HFM脈衝的設計。還研究了在回波和噪聲存在下的目標檢測。同時還討論了時域和頻域描述的MFSK、MQAM和OFDM水下聲學通信信號。

儘管本書在數學上是嚴謹的，但採用了教程風格的寫作方式。從基本原理出發，推導出了許多有用的、實用的被動和主動聲納系統的設計和分析方程式。重要結果的推導過程中沒有跳過任何重要步驟，所有的假設和近似都清楚地說明。特別注意函數和參數的正確單位。每章末尾都包含了許多圖表、例子和實用的家庭作業問題，以幫助讀者理解所涉及的內容。

第二版新增內容：
- 第15章 合成孔徑聲納
- 第13章 第13.3節 矩形包絡HFM脈衝
- 第10章 第10.7節 移動平台的重寫，從而消除了第一版的附錄10C
- 第1章的1.2.1和1.3.1小節新增了解釋/討論
- 重寫了附錄1A，並在第1章新增了新的表格1A-1

Dr. Lawrence J. Ziomek is a Professor Emeritus with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA, where he was also a member of the Undersea Warfare Executive Committee and the Undersea Warfare Academic Group. With over 37 years of research and teaching experience, his research and teaching interests include underwater acoustics, sonar systems engineering and signal processing, Biosonar, communication theory, and signal detection and estimation theory. He received a B.E. degree in electrical engineering from Villanova University, a M.S.E.E. degree from the University of Rhode Island, and a Ph.D. degree in acoustics (underwater acoustics specialization) from The Pennsylvania State University, with a minor in electrical engineering.

Dr. Lawrence J. Ziomek是加州蒙特雷海軍研究生院電機與電腦工程系的名譽教授，同時也是海底戰爭執行委員會和海底戰爭學術團隊的成員。他擁有超過37年的研究和教學經驗，他的研究和教學興趣包括水下聲學、聲納系統工程和信號處理、生物聲納、通信理論以及信號檢測和估計理論。他獲得了Villanova大學的電機工程學士學位，羅德島大學的電機工程碩士學位，以及賓夕法尼亞州立大學的聲學博士學位（專攻水下聲學），並輔修了電機工程學。