Adaptive Low-Power Circuits for Wireless Communications (Hardcover)

Description

Well over a billion people are currently using cellular telephones, and this number is expected to grow to over two billion in the next few years. It is remarkable that a device that was considered a high-technology "toy" just a few years ago is now an indispensable feature of modern life. One of the key reasons for this remarkable transformation is the integration of all the radio functions of a cellular telephone onto a single inexpensive piece of silicon. This achievement is a result of innovations in design and process technology that allowed formerly discrete and separate devices to be integrated onto a common substrate.

Now that this integration has been accomplished, the next challenge is to make these radio functions adaptive to their environment. This "adaptive" feature of wireless communications devices is just today becoming a reality, and Adaptive Low-Power Circuits for Wireless Communications represents one of the first comprehensive treatments of the subject.

Adaptive radio transceivers require a comprehensive theoretical framework in order to optimize their performance. Adaptive Low-Power Circuits for Wireless Communications provides this framework with a discussion of joint optimization of Noise Figure and Input Intercept Point in receiver systems. Original techniques to optimize voltage controlled oscillators and low-noise amplifiers to minimize their power consumption while maintaining adequate system performance are also provided. The experimental results presented at the end of the book confirm the utility of the proposed techniques.

Table of Contents

FOREWORD. OUTLINE. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.

1 INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Why Silicon? 1.2 Why Wireless and RF? 1.3 Why Low-Power and Adaptive RF? 1.4 Why Multistandard and Adaptive RF? 1.5 Adaptivity Objectives. References.

2 PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF RF CIRCUITS. 2.1 Gain Parameters. 2.2 Nonlinearity Parameters. 2.3 Noise Figure. 2.4 Phase Noise. 2.5 Dynamic Range. 2.6 RF Front-End Performance Parameters. 2.7 Conclusions. References.

3 SPECTRUM-SIGNAL TRANSFORMATION. 3.1 Transceiver Architectures. 3.2 Signal and Spectral Transformations. 3.3 Mixer-Oscillator Models. 3.4 Image-Rejection Ratio Model. 3.5 IRR Model of Double-Quadrature Downconverters. 3.6 Conclusions. References.

4 SELECTION OF PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS FOR RECEIVER CIRCUITS. 4.1 System Considerations. 4.2 Independent Selection of NF And IIP3 Specifications. 4.3 Mutually Dependent Selection of NF And IIP3 Specifications. 4.4 Equilibrium, Optimality and Equality Criteria. 4.5 Notes on Power Consumption. 4.6 Performance Trade-offs in an RF Circuit. 4.7 Conclusions. References.

5 ADAPTIVITY OF LOW-NOISE AMPLIFIERS. 5.1 Adaptivity Phenomena of Amplifiers. 5.2 Performance Parameters of Inductively-Degenerated Low-Noise Amplifiers. 5.3 Adaptivity Models of Low-Noise Amplifiers 5.4 Conclusions. References.

6 ADAPTIVE VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS. 6.1 Adaptivity Phenomena of Oscillators. 6.2 An Adaptive Voltage-Controlled Oscillator. 6.3 Phase-Noise Model of LC Voltage-Controlled Oscillators. 6.4 Phase-Noise Performance of Quasi-Tapped Voltage-Controlled Oscillators. 6.5 Adaptivity Figures of Merit of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators. 6.6 K-rail Diagrams – Comprehensive Performance Characterization of Voltage-Controlled Oscillators. 6.7 Oscillator Design Problem. 6.8 Conclusions. References.

7 DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS AND ADAPTIVE RF FRONT-ENDS. 7.1 An Adaptive Low-Power Voltage-Controlled Oscillator. 7.2 A Multistandard Adaptive Voltage-Controlled Oscillator. 7.3 Multistandard Adaptive RF Front-Ends. 7.4 Conclusions. References.

A Real-to-Complex-to-Real Transformation.

B Transformer-Feedback Degeneration of Low-Noise Amplifiers.

INDEX.

描述

目前有超過十億人正在使用蜂窩電話，預計未來幾年這個數字將增長到超過二十億。令人驚訝的是，幾年前被視為高科技“玩具”的設備現在已成為現代生活中不可或缺的一部分。這一變革的關鍵原因之一是將蜂窩電話的所有無線電功能集成到一塊廉價的矽片上。這一成就是設計和工藝技術創新的結果，使以前分離的設備能夠集成到一個共同的基板上。

現在，這種集成已經實現，下一個挑戰是使這些無線電功能適應其環境。無線通信設備的“適應性”特性現在才剛剛成為現實，而《適應性低功率無線通信電路》是該主題的首部綜合性著作之一。

適應性無線收發器需要一個全面的理論框架來優化其性能。《適應性低功率無線通信電路》提供了這一框架，討論了接收系統中噪聲指數和輸入截取點的聯合優化。還提供了優化電壓控制振盪器和低噪聲放大器以減少功耗並保持足夠系統性能的原始技術。書末的實驗結果證實了所提技術的實用性。

目錄

前言、大綱、縮寫詞列表。

1. 引言
1.1 為什麼選擇矽片？
1.2 為什麼選擇無線和射頻？
1.3 為什麼選擇低功率和適應性射頻？
1.4 為什麼選擇多標準和適應性射頻？
1.5 適應性目標。參考文獻。

2. 射頻電路的性能參數
2.1 增益參數
2.2 非線性參數
2.3 噪聲指數
2.4 相位噪聲
2.5 動態範圍
2.6 射頻前端性能參數
2.7 結論。參考文獻。

3. 頻譜信號轉換
3.1 收發器架構
3.2 信號和頻譜轉換
3.3 混頻器-振盪器模型
3.4 抑制鏡像比模型
3.5 雙正交下變頻器的IRR模型
3.6 結論。參考文獻。

4. 接收器電路性能參數的選擇
4.1 系統考慮因素
4.2 NF和IIP3規格的獨立選擇
4.3 NF和IIP3規格的相互依賴選擇
4.4 平衡、最優性和相等標準
4.5 功耗注意事項
4.6 射頻電路的性能折衷
4.7 結論。參考文獻。

5. 低噪聲放大器的適應性
5.1 放大器的適應性現象
5.2 電感耦合低噪聲放大器的性能參數
5.3 低噪聲放大器的適應性模型
5.4 結論。參考文獻。