Unix Network Programming, Vol. 1: The Sockets Networking API, 3/e (Hardcover)
暫譯: Unix 網路程式設計，第 1 卷：套接字網路 API，第三版 (精裝本)

W. Richard Stevens, Bill Fenner, Andrew M. Rudoff

Unix Network Programming, Vol. 1: The Sockets Networking API, 3/e (Hardcover)

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"Everyone will want this book because it provides a great mix of practical experience, historical perspective, and a depth of understanding that only comes from being intimately involved in the field. I've already enjoyed and learned from reading this book, and surely you will too."

--Sam Leffler

The classic guide to UNIX networking APIs... now completely updated!

To build today's highly distributed, networked applications and services, you need deep mastery of sockets and other key networking APIs. One book delivers comprehensive, start-to-finish guidance for building robust, high-performance networked systems in any environment: UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1, Third Edition.

Building on the legendary work of W. Richard Stevens, this edition has been fully updated by two leading network programming experts to address today's most crucial standards, implementations, and techniques. New topics include:

  • POSIX Single UNIX Specification Version 3
  • IPv6 APIs (including updated guidance on IPv6/IPv4 interoperability)
  • The new SCTP transport protocol
  • IPsec-based Key Management Sockets
  • FreeBSD 4.8/5.1, Red Hat Linux 9.x, Solaris 9, AIX 5.x, HP-UX, and Mac OS X implementations
  • New network program debugging techniques
  • Source Specific Multicast API, the key enabler for widespread IP multicast deployment

The authors also update and extend Stevens' definitive coverage of these crucial UNIX networking standards and techniques:

  • TCP and UDP transport
  • Sockets: elementary, advanced, routed, and raw
  • I/O: multiplexing, advanced functions, nonblocking, and signal-driven
  • Daemons and inetd
  • UNIX domain protocols
  • ioctl operations
  • Broadcasting and multicasting
  • Threads
  • Streams
  • Design: TCP iterative, concurrent, preforked, and prethreaded servers

Since 1990, network programmers have turned to one source for the insights and techniques they need: W. Richard Stevens' UNIX Network Programming. Now, there's an edition specifically designed for today's challenges--and tomorrow's.

Table of Contents：

Foreword.
Preface.

I. INTRODUCTION AND TCP/IP.

1. Introduction.

 

Introduction.

 

 

A Simple Daytime Client.

 

 

Protocol Independence.

 

 

Error Handling: Wrapper Functions.

 

 

A Simple Daytime Server.

 

 

Roadmap to Client/Server Examples in the Text.

 

 

OSI Model.

 

 

BSD Networking History.

 

 

Test Networks and Hosts.

 

 

Unix Standards.

 

 

64-Bit Architectures.

 

 

Summary.

 

2. The Transport Layer: TCP, UDP, and SCTP.

 

Introduction.

 

 

The Big Picture.

 

 

User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

 

 

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).

 

 

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP).

 

 

TCP Connection Establishment and Termination.

 

 

TIME_WAIT State.

 

 

SCTP Association Establishment and Termination.

 

 

Port Numbers.

 

 

TCP Port Numbers and Concurrent Servers.

 

 

Buffer Sizes and Limitations.

 

 

Standard Internet Services.

 

 

Protocol Usage by Common Internet Applications.

 

 

Summary.

 

II. ELEMENTARY SOCKETS.

3. Sockets Introduction.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Socket Address Structures.

 

 

Value-Result Arguments.

 

 

Byte Ordering Functions.

 

 

Byte Manipulation Functions.

 

 

inet_aton, inet_addr, and inet_ntoa Functions.

 

 

inet_pton and inet_ntop Functions.

 

 

sock_ntop and Related Functions.

 

 

readn, writen, and readline Functions.

 

 

Summary.

 

4. Elementary TCP Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

socket Function.

 

 

connect Function.

 

 

bind Function.

 

 

listen Function.

 

 

accept Function.

 

 

fork and exec Functions.

 

 

Concurrent Servers.

 

 

close Function.

 

 

getsockname and getpeername Functions.

 

 

Summary.

 

5. TCP Client/Server Example.

 

Introduction.

 

 

TCP Echo Server: main Function.

 

 

TCP Echo Server: str_echo Function.

 

 

TCP Echo Client: main Function.

 

 

TCP Echo Client: str_cli Function.

 

 

Normal Startup.

 

 

Normal Termination.

 

 

POSIX Signal Handling.

 

 

Handling SIGCHLD Signals.

 

 

wait and waitpid Functions.

 

 

Connection Abort before accept Returns.

 

 

Termination of Server Process.

 

 

SIGPIPE Signal.

 

 

Crashing of Server Host.

 

 

Crashing and Rebooting of Server Host.

 

 

Shutdown of Server Host.

 

 

Summary of TCP Example.

 

 

Data Format.

 

 

Summary.

 

6. I/O Multiplexing: The select and poll Functions.

 

Introduction.

 

 

I/O Models.

 

 

select Function.

 

 

str_cli Function (Revisited).

 

 

Batch Input and Buffering.

 

 

shutdown Function.

 

 

str_cli Function (Revisited Again).

 

 

TCP Echo Server (Revisited).

 

 

pselect Function.

 

 

poll Function.

 

 

TCP Echo Server (Revisited Again).

 

 

Summary.

 

7. Socket Options.

 

Introduction.

 

 

getsockopt and setsockopt Functions.

 

 

Checking if an Option Is Supported and Obtaining the Default.

 

 

Socket States.

 

 

Generic Socket Options.

 

 

IPv4 Socket Options.

 

 

ICMPv6 Socket Option.

 

 

IPv6 Socket Options.

 

 

TCP Socket Options.

 

 

SCTP Socket Options.

 

 

fcntl Function.

 

 

Summary.

 

8. Elementary UDP Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

recvfrom and sendto Functions.

 

 

UDP Echo Server: main Function.

 

 

UDP Echo Server: dg_echo Function.

 

 

UDP Echo Client: main Function.

 

 

UDP Echo Client: dg_cli Function.

 

 

Lost Datagrams.

 

 

Verifying Received Response.

 

 

Server Not Running.

 

 

Summary of UDP Example.

 

 

connect Function with UDP.

 

 

dg_cli Function (Revisited).

 

 

Lack of Flow Control with UDP.

 

 

Determining Outgoing Interface with UDP.

 

 

TCP and UDP Echo Server Using select.

 

 

Summary.

 

9. Elementary SCTP Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Interface Models.

 

 

sctp_bindx Function.

 

 

sctp_connectx Function.

 

 

sctp_getpaddrs Function.

 

 

sctp_freepaddrs Function.

 

 

sctp_getladdrs Function.

 

 

sctp_freeladdrs Function.

 

 

sctp_sendmsg Function.

 

 

sctp_recvmsg Function.

 

 

sctp_opt_info Function.

 

 

sctp_peeloff Function.

 

 

shutdown Function.

 

 

Notifications.

 

 

Summary.

 

10. SCTP Client/Server Example.

 

Introduction.

 

 

SCTP One-to-Many-Style Streaming Echo Server: main Function.

 

 

SCTP One-to-Many-Style Streaming Echo Client: main Function.

 

 

SCTP Streaming Echo Client: str_cli Function.

 

 

Exploring Head-of-Line Blocking.

 

 

Controlling the Number of Streams.

 

 

Controlling Termination.

 

 

Summary.

 

11. Name and Address Conversions.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Domain Name System (DNS).

 

 

gethostbyname Function.

 

 

gethostbyaddr Function.

 

 

getservbyname and getservbyport Functions.

 

 

getaddrinfo Function.

 

 

gai_strerror Function.

 

 

freeaddrinfo Function.

 

 

getaddrinfo Function: IPv6.

 

 

getaddrinfo Function: Examples.

 

 

host_serv Function.

 

 

tcp_connect Function.

 

 

tcp_listen Function.

 

 

udp_client Function.

 

 

udp_connect Function.

 

 

udp_server Function.

 

 

getnameinfo Function.

 

 

Re-entrant Functions.

 

 

gethostbyname_r and gethostbyaddr_r Functions.

 

 

Obsolete IPv6 Address Lookup Functions.

 

 

Other Networking Information.

 

 

Summary.

 

III. ADVANCED SOCKETS.

12. IPv4 and IPv6 Interoperability.

 

Introduction.

 

 

IPv4 Client, IPv6 Server.

 

 

IPv6 Client, IPv4 Server.

 

 

IPv6 Address-Testing Macros.

 

 

Source Code Portability.

 

 

Summary.

 

13. Daemon Processes and the inetd Superserver.

 

Introduction.

 

 

syslogd Daemon.

 

 

syslog Function.

 

 

daemon_init Function.

 

 

inetd Daemon.

 

 

daemon_inetd Function.

 

 

Summary.

 

14. Advanced I/O Functions.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Socket Timeouts.

 

 

recv and send Functions.

 

 

readv and writev Functions.

 

 

recvmsg and sendmsg Functions.

 

 

Ancillary Data.

 

 

How Much Data Is Queued?

 

 

Sockets and Standard I/O.

 

 

Advanced Polling.

 

 

Summary.

 

15. Unix Domain Protocols.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Unix Domain Socket Address Structure.

 

 

socketpair Function.

 

 

Socket Functions.

 

 

Unix Domain Stream Client/Server.

 

 

Unix Domain Datagram Client/Server.

 

 

Passing Descriptors.

 

 

Receiving Sender Credentials.

 

 

Summary.

 

16. Nonblocking I/O.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Nonblocking Reads and Writes: str_cli Function (Revisited).

 

 

Nonblocking connect.

 

 

Nonblocking connect: Daytime Client.

 

 

Nonblocking connect: Web Client.

 

 

Nonblocking accept.

 

 

Summary.

 

17. ioctl Operations.

 

Introduction.

 

 

ioctl Function.

 

 

Socket Operations.

 

 

File Operations.

 

 

Interface Configuration.

 

 

get_ifi_info Function.

 

 

Interface Operations.

 

 

ARP Cache Operations.

 

 

Routing Table Operations.

 

 

Summary.

 

18. Routing Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Datalink Socket Address Structure.

 

 

Reading and Writing.

 

 

sysctl Operations.

 

 

get_ifi_info Function (Revisited).

 

 

Interface Name and Index Functions.

 

 

Summary.

 

19. Key Management Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Reading and Writing.

 

 

Dumping the Security Association Database (SADB).

 

 

Creating a Static Security Association (SA).

 

 

Dynamically Maintaining SAs.

 

 

Summary.

 

20. Broadcasting.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Broadcast Addresses.

 

 

Unicast versus Broadcast.

 

 

dg_cli Function Using Broadcasting.

 

 

Race Conditions.

 

 

Summary.

 

21. Multicasting.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Multicast Addresses.

 

 

Multicasting versus Broadcasting on a LAN.

 

 

Multicasting on a WAN.

 

 

Source-Specific Multicast.

 

 

Multicast Socket Options.

 

 

mcast_join and Related Functions.

 

 

dg_cli Function Using Multicasting.

 

 

Receiving IP Multicast Infrastructure Session Announcements.

 

 

Sending and Receiving.

 

 

Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP).

 

 

Summary.

 

22. Advanced UDP Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Receiving Flags, Destination IP Address, and Interface Index.

 

 

Datagram Truncation.

 

 

When to Use UDP Instead of TCP.

 

 

Adding Reliability to a UDP Application.

 

 

Binding Interface Addresses.

 

 

Concurrent UDP Servers.

 

 

IPv6 Packet Information.

 

 

IPv6 Path MTU Control.

 

 

Summary.

 

23. Advanced SCTP Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

An Autoclosing One-to-Many-Style Server.

 

 

Partial Delivery.

 

 

Notifications.

 

 

Unordered Data.

 

 

Binding a Subset of Addresses.

 

 

Determining Peer and Local Address Information.

 

 

Finding an Association ID Given an IP Address.

 

 

Heartbeating and Address Failure.

 

 

Peeling Off an Association.

 

 

Controlling Timing.

 

 

When to Use SCTP Instead of TCP.

 

 

Summary.

 

24. Out-of-Band Data.

 

Introduction.

 

 

TCP Out-of-Band Data.

 

 

sockatmark Function.

 

 

TCP Out-of-Band Data Recap.

 

 

Summary.

 

25. Signal-Driven I/O.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Signal-Driven I/O for Sockets.

 

 

UDP Echo Server Using SIGIO.

 

 

Summary.

 

26. Threads.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Basic Thread Functions: Creation and Termination.

 

 

str_cli Function Using Threads.

 

 

TCP Echo Server Using Threads.

 

 

Thread-Specific Data.

 

 

Web Client and Simultaneous Connections (Continued).

 

 

Mutexes: Mutual Exclusion.

 

 

Condition Variables.

 

 

Web Client and Simultaneous Connections (Continued).

 

 

Summary.

 

27. IP Options.

 

Introduction.

 

 

IPv4 Options.

 

 

IPv4 Source Route Options.

 

 

IPv6 Extension Headers.

 

 

IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options and Destination Options.

 

 

IPv6 Routing Header.

 

 

IPv6 Sticky Options.

 

 

Historical IPv6 Advanced API.

 

 

Summary.

 

28. Raw Sockets.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Raw Socket Creation.

 

 

Raw Socket Output.

 

 

Raw Socket Input.

 

 

ping Program.

 

 

traceroute Program.

 

 

An ICMP Message Daemon.

 

 

Summary.

 

29. Datalink Access.

 

Introduction.

 

 

BSD Packet Filter (BPF).

 

 

Datalink Provider Interface (DLPI).

 

 

Linux: SOCK_PACKET and PF_PACKET.

 

 

libpcap: Packet Capture Library.

 

 

libnet: Packet Creation and Injection Library.

 

 

Examining the UDP Checksum Field.

 

 

Summary.

 

30. Client/Server Design Alternatives.

 

Introduction.

 

 

TCP Client Alternatives.

 

 

TCP Test Client.

 

 

TCP Iterative Server.

 

 

TCP Concurrent Server, One Child per Client.

 

 

TCP Preforked Server, No Locking Around accept.

 

 

TCP Preforked Server, File Locking Around accept.

 

 

TCP Preforked Server, Thread Locking Around accept.

 

 

TCP Preforked Server, Descriptor Passing.

 

 

TCP Concurrent Server, One Thread per Client.

 

 

TCP Prethreaded Server, per-Thread accept.

 

 

TCP Prethreaded Server, Main Thread accept.

 

 

Summary.

 

31. STREAMS.

 

Introduction.

 

 

Overview.

 

 

getmsg and putmsg Functions.

 

 

getpmsg and putpmsg Functions.

 

 

ioctl Function.

 

 

Transport Provider Interface (TPI).

 

 

Summary.

 

Appendix A. IPv4, IPv6, ICMPv4, and ICMPv6.

 

Introduction.

 

 

IPv4 Header.

 

 

IPv6 Header.

 

 

IPv4 Addresses.

 

 

IPv6 Addresses.

 

 

Internet Control Message Protocols (ICMPv4 and ICMPv6).

 

Appendix B. Virtual Networks.

 

Introduction.

 

 

The MBone.

 

 

The 6bone.

 

 

IPv6 Transition: 6to4.

 

Appendix C. Debugging Techniques.

 

System Call Tracing.

 

 

Standard Internet Services.

 

 

sock Program.

 

 

Small Test Programs.

 

 

tcpdump Program.

 

 

netstat Program.

 

 

lsof Program.

 

Appendix D. Miscellaneous Source Code.

 

unp.h Header.

 

 

config.h Header.

 

 

Standard Error Functions.

 

Appendix E. Solutions to Selected Exercises.
Bibliography.
Index.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

「每個人都會想要這本書，因為它提供了實用經驗、歷史視角和深刻理解的絕佳結合，這些只有在該領域深入參與過才能獲得。我已經從閱讀這本書中獲益良多，肯定你也會如此。」

--Sam Leffler

經典的 UNIX 網路 API 指南……現在已完全更新！

要構建當今高度分散的網路應用程式和服務，您需要深入掌握 sockets 和其他關鍵的網路 API。有一本書提供了從頭到尾的全面指導，幫助您在任何環境中構建穩健、高效能的網路系統：《UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1, Third Edition》。

這一版基於 W. Richard Stevens 的傳奇作品，已由兩位領先的網路程式設計專家全面更新，以應對當今最重要的標準、實作和技術。新主題包括：

- POSIX Single UNIX Specification Version 3

- IPv6 APIs（包括有關 IPv6/IPv4 互通性的更新指導）

- 新的 SCTP 傳輸協議

- 基於 IPsec 的密鑰管理 sockets

- FreeBSD 4.8/5.1、Red Hat Linux 9.x、Solaris 9、AIX 5.x、HP-UX 和 Mac OS X 的實作

- 新的網路程式除錯技術

- Source Specific Multicast API，廣泛 IP 多播部署的關鍵推動者

作者還更新並擴展了 Stevens 對這些關鍵 UNIX 網路標準和技術的權威涵蓋：

- TCP 和 UDP 傳輸

- Sockets：基本、高級、路由和原始

- I/O：多路複用、高級功能、非阻塞和信號驅動

- Daemons 和 inetd

- UNIX 域協議

- ioctl 操作

- 廣播和多播

- 執行緒

- 流

- 設計：TCP 迭代、並發、預先分叉和預先執行緒伺服器

自 1990 年以來，網路程式設計師一直依賴一個來源來獲取所需的見解和技術：W. Richard Stevens 的《UNIX Network Programming》。現在，有一本專門針對當今挑戰——以及明天的挑戰而設計的版本。

**目錄：**

**前言。
序言。**

**I. 介紹與 TCP/IP。**

1. 介紹。

簡介。

一個簡單的日間客戶端。

協議獨立性。

錯誤處理：包裝函數。

一個簡單的日間伺服器。

文本中的客戶端/伺服器範例路線圖。

OSI 模型。

BSD 網路歷史。

測試網路和主機。

Unix 標準。

64 位架構。

摘要。

**2. 傳輸層：TCP、UDP 和 SCTP。**

簡介。

全貌。

用戶數據報協議（UDP）。

傳輸控制協議（TCP）。

流控制傳輸協議（SCTP）。

TCP 連接建立與終止。

TIME_WAIT 狀態。

SCTP 關聯建立與終止。

端口號。

TCP 端口號與並發伺服器。

緩衝區大小和限制。

標準互聯網服務。

常見互聯網應用的協議使用情況。

摘要。

**II. 基本 Sockets。**

3. Sockets 介紹。

簡介。

Socket 地址結構。

值-結果參數。

位元組排序函數。

位元組操作函數。

inet_aton、inet_addr 和 inet_ntoa 函數。

inet_pton 和 inet_ntop 函數。

sock_ntop 和相關函數。

readn、writen 和 readline 函數。

摘要。

4. 基本 TCP Sockets。

簡介。

socket 函數。

connect 函數。

bind 函數。

listen 函數。

accept 函數。

fork 和 exec 函數。

並發伺服器。

close 函數。

getsockname 和 getpeername 函數。

摘要。

5. TCP 客戶端/伺服器範例。

簡介。

TCP Echo 伺服器：main 函數。

TCP Echo 伺服器：str_echo 函數。

TCP Echo 客戶端：main 函數。

TCP Echo 客戶端：str_cli 函數。

正常啟動。

正常終止。

POSIX 信號處理。

處理 SIGCHLD 信號。

wait 和 waitpid 函數。

在 accept 返回之前中止連接。

伺服器進程的終止。

SIGPIPE 信號。

伺服器主機崩潰。

伺服器主機崩潰和重啟。

伺服器主機關閉。

TCP 範例摘要。

數據格式。

摘要。

6. I/O 多路複用：select 和 poll 函數。

簡介。

I/O 模型。

select 函數。

str_cli 函數（重訪）。

批量輸入和緩衝。

shutdown 函數。

str_cli 函數（再次重訪）。

TCP Echo 伺服器（重訪）。

pselect 函數。

poll 函數。

TCP Echo 伺服器（再次重訪）。

摘要。

7. Socket 選項。

簡介。

getsockopt 和 setsockopt 函數。

檢查選項是否受支持並獲取默認值。

Socket 狀態。

通用 Socket 選項。

IPv4 Socket 選項。

ICMPv6 Socket 選項。

IPv6 Socket 選項。

TCP Socket 選項。

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