Foundations of Economics, 9/e (Paperback)

• Notable Content Changes in Micro
In Chapter 1, Getting Started, we have expanded and reorganized our explanationof economics as a social science and as a policy decision tool. And we havebroadened our explanation of how economics is used as an aid to critical thinkingand a job tool. In a new section, Economics as a Life Skill and Job Skill, wedescribe the jobs that economics majors do and the incomes they earn.In Chapter 4, Demand and Supply, we explain and illustrate the power of thedemand-supply model to predict and explain large recent swings in the price ofavocados.In Chapter 6, Efficiency and Fairness of Markets, we have replaced a discussionof gouging with a new exploration of the efficiency and fairness of ticketscalping.In Chapter 9, Global Markets in Action, provides the student with the toolsneeded to evaluate the Trump upheaval of global trade and illustrates the effects .of protection by examining U.S. tariffs on Canadian softwood imports and theU.S. import quota on sugar.In Chapter 10, Externalities, we have expanded our discussion of externalitiesin everyday life with compelling current examples. And we have revised andimproved our coverage of policies for dealing with carbon emissions and theglobal challenge of achieving an efficient use of energy resources. We describecommand-and-control proposals like the Green New Deal and explain whyeconomists favor pricing and taxing emissions.In Chapter 12, Private Information and Healthcare Markets, we have compressedour coverage of the lemons problem and updated coverage of the economicsof healthcare insurance and services.In Chapter 13, Consumer Choice and Demand, we have rewritten our explanationof how online music delivery captures consumer surplus and how streamingservices take even more consumer surplus than song downloads did.In Chapter 16, Monopoly, we have updated our discussion of information-agemonopolies.In Chapter 18, Oligopoly, we have updated our examination of wireless oligopoliesand the decision around a wireless service merger.

• Notable Content Changes in Macro
All the macro chapters are updated to include the latest data on the nationalaccounts in Chapter 21, the labor market in Chapter 22, price indexes, Chapter23, economic growth, Chapter 25, interest rates and loanable funds, Chapter 26,banks and the money market, Chapters 27 and 28, the short-run Phillips curvetradeoff, Chapter 31, fiscal policy, Chapter 32, monetary policy, Chapter 33, andthe exchange rate and balance of payments, Chapter 34.Chapter 26, Finance, Saving, and Investment, has five major changes. Itexplains the yield curve and its occasional inversion, which occurred in 2019; itreports the data on the enormous scale of borrowing and lending; it describesthe role of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology; it describes recent innovationsin financial technology, fintech, and their effects on the supply of anddemand for loanable funds; and it includes a new appendix on the concept andcalculation of present value.In Chapter 31, The Short-Run Tradeoff, the coverage of the Phillips curveprovides a look at the changing natural unemployment rate and expected inflationrate and their effects on the short-run and long-run Phillips curves andexplains why we have low inflation along with low unemployment.

• 《微觀經濟學》重要內容變更

在第一章「入門」中，我們擴充並重新組織了對經濟學作為社會科學和政策決策工具的解釋。我們也擴大了對經濟學如何作為批判性思考和就業工具的輔助解釋。在新的一節中，我們描述了經濟學專業的工作和收入情況。

在第四章「需求與供應」中，我們解釋並說明了需求-供應模型預測和解釋近期酪梨價格大幅波動的能力。

在第六章「市場的效率與公平」中，我們將對壓榨行為的討論替換為對票券黃牛行為的效率和公平性的新探索。

在第九章「全球市場的運作」中，我們提供了評估特朗普對全球貿易的動盪所需的工具，並通過研究美國對加拿大軟木進口的關稅和美國對糖的進口配額來說明保護主義的影響。

在第十章「外部性」中，我們擴展了對日常生活中外部性的討論，並提供了引人入勝的當前例子。我們修訂和改進了有關應對碳排放和實現能源資源有效利用的政策的涵蓋範圍。我們描述了像綠色新政這樣的命令和控制提案，並解釋了為什麼經濟學家更傾向於定價和對排放徵稅。

在第十二章「私人信息和醫療市場」中，我們縮短了對「檸檬問題」的涵蓋範圍，並更新了對醫療保險和服務的經濟學涵蓋範圍。

在第十三章「消費者選擇和需求」中，我們重新撰寫了對線上音樂服務如何捕捉消費者剩餘價值以及流媒體服務如何比歌曲下載更多地捕捉消費者剩餘價值的解釋。

在第十六章「壟斷」中，我們更新了對信息壟斷的討論。

在第十八章「寡頭壟斷」中，我們更新了對無線電寡頭壟斷和無線服務合併的探討。

•《宏觀經濟學》重要內容變更

所有宏觀經濟學章節都更新了最新的國民帳戶數據（第21章）、勞動市場（第22章）、價格指數（第23章）、經濟增長（第25章）、利率和可貸資金（第26章）、銀行和貨幣市場（第27和28章）、短期菲利普斯曲線的權衡（第31章）、財政政策（第32章）、貨幣政策（第33章）以及匯率和收支平衡（第34章）。

第26章「金融、儲蓄和投資」有五個重大變更。它解釋了收益曲線及其在2019年的逆轉現象；報導了借貸規模的巨大數據；描述了加密貨幣和區塊鏈技術的角色；描述了金融科技（fintech）的最新創新及其對可貸資金供需的影響；並新增了有關現值概念和計算的附錄。

第31章「短期權衡」中，對菲利普斯曲線的涵蓋範圍提供了對自然失業率和預期通脹率的變化以及它們對短期和長期菲利普斯曲線的影響的觀察，並解釋了為什麼我們在低通脹率和低失業率同時存在的情況下。

Robin Bade was an undergraduate at the University of Queensland,Australia, where she earned degrees in mathematics and economics. After a spellteaching high school math and physics, she enrolled in the Ph.D. program atthe Australian National University, from which she graduated in 1970 . She hasheld faculty appointments at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, at BondUniversity in Australia, and at the Universities of Manitoba, Toronto, and WesternOntario in Canada. Her research on international capital flows appears in theInternational Economic Review and the Economic Record.Robin first taught the principles of economics course in 1970 and has taughtit (alongside intermediate macroeconomics and international trade and finance)most years since then. She developed many of the ideas found in this text whileconducting tutorials with her students at the University of Western Ontario.

Michael Parkin studied economics in England and began hisuniversity teaching career immediately after graduating with a B.A. from theUniversity of Leicester. He learned the subject on the job at the University ofEssex, England's most exciting new university of the 1960s, and at the age of30 became one of the youngest full professors. He is a past president of theCanadian Economics Association and has served on the editorial boards of theAmerican Economic Review and the Journal of Monetary Economics . His research onmacroeconomics, monetary economics, and international economics has resultedin more than 160 publications in journals and edited volumes, including theAmerican Economic Review, the Journal of Political Economy, the Review of EconomicStudies, the Journal of Monetary Economics, and the Journal of Money , Credit , andBanking. He is author of the best-selling textbook, Economics (Pearson), now in itsThirteenth Edition.

Robin Bade在澳大利亞昆士蘭大學獲得數學和經濟學學位。在教授高中數學和物理一段時間後，她進入澳大利亞國立大學攻讀博士學位，並於1970年畢業。她曾在蘇格蘭愛丁堡大學、澳大利亞邦德大學以及加拿大的曼尼托巴大學、多倫多大學和西安大畢業。她在國際經濟評論和經濟記錄上發表了關於國際資本流動的研究成果。Robin於1970年首次教授經濟學原理課程，並在此後的大部分年份教授該課程（以及中級宏觀經濟學和國際貿易與金融）。她在西安大畢業期間與學生進行教學輔導時，發展了本教材中的許多觀點。

Michael Parkin在英國學習經濟學，並在從萊斯特大學獲得學士學位後立即開始了他的大學教學生涯。他在英國埃塞克斯大學（英國最令人興奮的新大學之一）上班期間學習了這門學科，並在30歲時成為最年輕的正教授之一。他曾擔任加拿大經濟學會主席，並在《美國經濟評論》和《貨幣經濟學期刊》的編輯委員會任職。他在宏觀經濟學、貨幣經濟學和國際經濟學方面的研究已經發表了160多篇文章，包括《美國經濟評論》、《政治經濟學期刊》、《經濟研究評論》、《貨幣經濟學期刊》和《貨幣、信用和銀行學期刊》。他是暢銷教材《經濟學》（Pearson）的作者，現已出版至第13版。

Part 1: Introduction
1. Getting Started
2. The U.S. and Global Economies
3. The Economic Problem
4. Demand and Supply
Part 2: A Closer Look at Markets
5. Elasticities of Demand and Supply
6. Efficiency of Fairness and Markets
Part 3: How Governments Influence the Economy
7. Government Actions in Markets
8. Taxes
9. Global Markets in Action
Part 4: Market Failures and Public Policy
10. Externalities
11. Public Goods and Common Resources
12. Private Information and Healthcare Markets
Part 5: A Closer Look At Decision Makers
13. Consumer Choice and Demand
14. Production and Cost
Part 6: Prices, Profits, and Industry Performance
15. Perfect Competition
16. Monopoly
17. Monopolistic Competition
18. Oligopoly
Part 7: Incomes and Inequality
19. Markets for Factors of Production
20. Economic Inequality
Part 8: Monitoring the Macroeconomy
21. GDP: A Measure Of Total Production and Income
22. Jobs and Unemployment
23. The CPI and the Cost of Living
Part 9: The Real Economy
24. Potential GDP and the Natural Unemployment Rate
25. Economic Growth
26. Finance, Saving, and Investment
Part 10: The Money Economy
27: The Monetary System
28: Money, Interest, and Inflation
Part 11: Economic Fluctuations
29. Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
30. Aggregate Expenditure Multiplier
31. The Short-Run Policy Tradeoff
Part 12: Macroeconomic Policy
32. Fiscal Policy
33. Monetary Policy
34. International Finance

第一部分：介紹
1. 入門
2. 美國和全球經濟
3. 經濟問題
4. 需求和供應

第二部分：深入研究市場
5. 需求和供應的彈性
6. 市場的效率和公平性

第三部分：政府如何影響經濟
7. 政府在市場中的行動
8. 稅收
9. 全球市場的運作

第四部分：市場失靈和公共政策
10. 外部性
11. 公共財和共有資源
12. 私人資訊和醫療市場

第五部分：深入研究決策者
13. 消費者選擇和需求
14. 生產和成本

第六部分：價格、利潤和行業表現
15. 完全競爭
16. 壟斷
17. 壟斷性競爭
18. 寡頭壟斷

第七部分：收入和不平等
19. 生產要素市場
20. 經濟不平等

第八部分：監控宏觀經濟
21. 國內生產總值：總生產和收入的衡量
22. 就業和失業
23. 消費者物價指數和生活成本

第九部分：實際經濟
24. 潛在國內生產總值和自然失業率
25. 經濟增長
26. 財務、儲蓄和投資

第十部分：貨幣經濟
27. 貨幣體系
28. 貨幣、利率和通脹

第十一部分：經濟波動
29. 總供給和總需求
30. 總支出乘數
31. 短期政策抉擇

第十二部分：宏觀經濟政策
32. 財政政策
33. 貨幣政策
34. 國際金融