From Urban Legends to Political Fact-Checking: Online Scrutiny in America, 1990-2015
暫譯: 從都市傳說到政治事實查核：1990-2015年美國的線上審查

Aspray, William, Cortada, James W.

From Urban Legends to Political Fact-Checking: Online Scrutiny in America, 1990-2015
  • 出版商: Springer
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-30
  • 售價: $1,740
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $1,653
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 146
  • 裝訂: Hardcover - also called cloth, retail trade, or trade
  • ISBN: 3030229513
  • ISBN-13: 9783030229511

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商品描述

This text presents an historical examination of political fact-checking, highlighting how this is part of a larger phenomenon of online scrutiny that manifests itself in multiple forms. Reflecting the long history of "fake facts" in America, the book discusses important developments in this area from the emergence of the public Internet in the 1990s to the start of the Trump-Clinton presidential election campaigns.

Topics and features: describes how some of the major players in political fact-checking began with the purpose of scrutinizing and debunking of urban legends; considers how this was part of a wider culture, encompassing B-grade horror movies, truth-or-fiction television shows, and groups warning about computer viruses; explains how such developments are connected, revealing political fact-checking as one of many forms of scrutiny applied in the face of a complex, dangerous world; provides a range of detailed case studies, covering such topics as the rumors surrounding the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and academic interest in contemporary legends; discusses how pre-Internet technologies such as bulletin boards, Usenet, and proprietary online service providers such as CompuServe and AOL were used to both disseminate and debunk urban legends; examines the rise of political fact-checking, reviewing all of the major initiatives in this area undertaken in the United States.

 

This timely study touches on issues of popular culture and major events, and offers profiles of colorful individuals and organizations, and as such will appeal to a broad audience interested in the history of fact-checking and efforts to protect the political process from falsehoods.

 

 

商品描述(中文翻譯)

這段文字對政治事實查核進行了歷史性的檢視，強調這是網路監督更大現象的一部分，並以多種形式表現出來。反映美國「假事實」的悠久歷史，本書討論了從1990年代公共互聯網的出現到特朗普-克林頓總統選舉活動開始之間，這一領域的重要發展。

主題與特點：描述一些主要的政治事實查核參與者如何開始其工作，目的是檢視和揭穿都市傳說；考慮這如何成為更廣泛文化的一部分，涵蓋B級恐怖電影、真假電視節目以及警告電腦病毒的團體；解釋這些發展之間的聯繫，揭示政治事實查核是面對複雜且危險的世界時所應用的多種監督形式之一；提供一系列詳細的案例研究，涵蓋如911恐怖攻擊相關的謠言及當代傳說的學術興趣等主題；討論如公告欄、Usenet及專有的線上服務提供商（如CompuServe和AOL）等前互聯網技術如何被用來傳播和揭穿都市傳說；檢視政治事實查核的興起，回顧美國在這一領域所進行的所有主要倡議。

這項及時的研究觸及流行文化和重大事件的議題，並提供了色彩斑斕的個人和組織的簡介，因此將吸引對事實查核歷史及保護政治過程免受虛假信息影響感興趣的廣泛讀者。

作者簡介

William Aspray is a full professor in the Department of Information Science at the University of Colorado Boulder. He has also taught at the University of Texas Austin, Indiana University Bloomington, Virginia Tech, University of Pennsylvania, and Harvard University, among others. He holds a Ph.D. in the history of science from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He has served as the Director of the IEEE Center for the History of Electrical Engineering, Associate Director of the Charles Babbage Institute for the History of Information Processing at the University of Minnesota, and Executive Director at the Computing Research Association. He is the author or editor of over two dozen books dealing with the history of computing, mathematics, and information. He has published more than 100 articles in the key information history journals and served on their editorial boards, including Information Research, The Information Society, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Information & Culture: A Journal of History, and Communications of the ACM.

James W. Cortada is a Senior Research Fellow at the Charles Babbage Institute at the University of Minnesota. He holds a Ph.D. in modern history and worked at IBM in various sales, consulting, management, and executive positions for 38 years, including in IBM's management research institute, The IBM Institute for Business Value (IBV). There, he led and participated in over three dozen global studies on the use of information and business managerial practices. He is also the author of over a dozen books on the management of business, information technologies, and management. He also authored nearly two dozen books on the history of information technology, its business practices and industry, and about knowledge management. His articles on the history of information have appeared in many of the "journals of record" for each topic he has studied, including Information and Culture, Library and Information History, Business History Review, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Enterprise and Society, and Technology and Culture, among others. He serves on the editorial boards of Information and Culture, Library and Information History, and IEEE Annals of the History of Computing.

作者簡介(中文翻譯)

威廉·阿斯普雷（William Aspray）是科羅拉多大學博爾德分校資訊科學系的全職教授。他曾在德克薩斯大學奧斯汀分校、印第安納大學布盧明頓分校、維吉尼亞理工學院、賓夕法尼亞大學和哈佛大學等多所學校任教。他擁有威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校的科學史博士學位。他曾擔任IEEE電氣工程歷史中心主任、明尼蘇達大學查爾斯·巴貝奇資訊處理歷史研究所副主任，以及計算研究協會執行董事。他是二十多本有關計算、數學和資訊歷史的書籍的作者或編輯。他在關鍵的資訊歷史期刊上發表了超過100篇文章，並擔任其編輯委員會成員，包括資訊研究（Information Research）、資訊社會（The Information Society）、IEEE計算歷史年鑑（IEEE Annals of the History of Computing）、資訊與文化：歷史期刊（Information & Culture: A Journal of History）和ACM通訊（Communications of the ACM）等。

詹姆斯·W·科塔達（James W. Cortada）是明尼蘇達大學查爾斯·巴貝奇研究所的高級研究員。他擁有現代歷史博士學位，並在IBM工作了38年，擔任各種銷售、諮詢、管理和高層職位，包括在IBM的管理研究所——IBM商業價值研究所（IBM Institute for Business Value, IBV）。在那裡，他領導並參與了三十多項有關資訊使用和商業管理實踐的全球研究。他還是十多本有關商業管理、資訊技術和管理的書籍的作者。他還撰寫了近二十本有關資訊技術歷史、商業實踐和行業，以及知識管理的書籍。他在資訊歷史方面的文章發表在他所研究的每個主題的許多「記錄期刊」上，包括資訊與文化（Information and Culture）、圖書館與資訊歷史（Library and Information History）、商業歷史評論（Business History Review）、IEEE計算歷史年鑑（IEEE Annals of the History of Computing）、企業與社會（Enterprise and Society）和技術與文化（Technology and Culture）等。他擔任資訊與文化（Information and Culture）、圖書館與資訊歷史（Library and Information History）和IEEE計算歷史年鑑（IEEE Annals of the History of Computing）的編輯委員會成員。

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