Deliberating War
暫譯: 戰爭的思考

Roberts-Miller, Patricia

Deliberating War
  • 出版商: Palgrave MacMillan
  • 出版日期: 2025-06-28
  • 售價: $2,230
  • 貴賓價: 9.8 折 $2,185
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 250
  • 裝訂: Quality Paper - also called trade paper
  • ISBN: 3031606744
  • ISBN-13: 9783031606748
  • 相關分類: 其他

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商品描述

This book argues that treating politics as war derails essential democratic processes, including deliberation and policy argumentation, in complicated ways. "Politics is war" is not always just a figure of speech, but often a sincere expression of how people see disagreement--they mean it literally--and they use it to evade the responsibilities of rhetoric. This book takes the metaphor seriously. Using a series of case studies ranging from the 432 BCE "Debate at Sparta" to Bill O'Reilly's recent invention of a "War on Christmas," Deliberating War illustrates pathologies of deliberation that arise when a community understands itself to be at political war. This book identifies recurrent rhetorical strategies that constrain or even effectively prohibit deliberation, such as deflecting, reframing, threat inflation, appealing to paired terms, claiming moral license, radicalizing a base. In short, what seems to be an effective solution to an immediate rhetorical problem--using hyperbole and demagoguery to persuade people to adopt a specific leader or policy--is a trap that prevents democratic practices of compromise, deliberation, fairness, reciprocity. Unhappily, threat inflation--even when well-intentioned--At some point, hyperbolic rhetoric becomes threat inflation, and then that inflated threat becomes the premise of policies, both foreign and domestic. And then agreeing as to the obvious existential threat posed by the Other and uniting behind the obvious policy solution is a necessary sign of being on the side of Good. Once communities become persuaded that they are in an apocalyptic battle between Good and Evil, politics as war can quickly become real war--often with far-reaching and catastrophic consequences.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

這本書主張，將政治視為戰爭會以複雜的方式破壞基本的民主過程，包括審議和政策辯論。「政治就是戰爭」不僅僅是一種修辭，而是人們對分歧的真實看法——他們是字面上的意思——並且他們用這種方式來逃避修辭的責任。這本書認真對待這個隱喻。通過一系列案例研究，從公元前432年的「斯巴達辯論」到比爾·奧萊利最近提出的「聖誕戰爭」，審議戰爭展示了當一個社群認為自己處於政治戰爭中時，審議所產生的病態。這本書識別出一些反覆出現的修辭策略，這些策略限制甚至有效地禁止了審議，例如轉移焦點、重新框架、威脅膨脹、訴諸配對術語、聲稱道德授權、激進化基層。簡而言之，似乎是解決當前修辭問題的有效方案——使用誇張和民粹主義說服人們接受特定的領導者或政策——其實是一個陷阱，阻礙了妥協、審議、公平和互惠的民主實踐。不幸的是，威脅膨脹——即使出於良好意圖——在某個時刻，誇張的修辭變成了威脅膨脹，然後這種膨脹的威脅成為政策的前提，無論是外交還是內政。然後，對於他者所帶來的明顯生存威脅達成共識，並在明顯的政策解決方案背後團結起來，成為站在善良一方的必要標誌。一旦社群被說服他們正處於善與惡之間的末日戰鬥中，政治作為戰爭很快就可能變成真正的戰爭——通常會帶來深遠而災難性的後果。

作者簡介

Patricia Roberts-Miller, formerly Director of the University Writing Center and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Rhetoric and Writing at the University of Texas at Austin, is a scholar of train wrecks in public deliberation--that is, times that communities made decisions they later regretted, although they had all the information they needed to make better ones. She is the author of Speaking of Race: Constructive Conversations About an Explosive Topic (The Experiment, January 2021), Rhetoric and Demagoguery, (Southern Illinois UP, 2019; finalist Rhetoric Society of America book of the year), Demagoguery and Democracy (The Experiment, 2017), Fanatical Schemes: Proslavery Rhetoric and the Tragedy of Consensus (University of Alabama Press, 2009), Deliberate Conflict: Composition Classes and Political Spaces (Southern Illinois University Press, 2004), Voices in the Wilderness: The Paradox of the Puritan Public Sphere (University of Alabama Press, 1999), and various book chapters and articles.

作者簡介(中文翻譯)

帕特里夏·羅伯茨-米勒（Patricia Roberts-Miller），曾任德克薩斯州奧斯汀大學寫作中心主任及修辭與寫作系名譽教授，是公共討論中「火車出軌」的學者——即社區在擁有足夠資訊的情況下，做出後來後悔的決策。她是《談論種族：關於一個爆炸性話題的建設性對話》（Speaking of Race: Constructive Conversations About an Explosive Topic，The Experiment，2021年1月）、《修辭與民粹主義》（Rhetoric and Demagoguery，Southern Illinois UP，2019年；美國修辭學會年度圖書獎決選作品）、《民粹主義與民主》（Demagoguery and Democracy，The Experiment，2017年）、《狂熱的計畫：親奴隸修辭與共識的悲劇》（Fanatical Schemes: Proslavery Rhetoric and the Tragedy of Consensus，阿拉巴馬大學出版社，2009年）、《故意的衝突：寫作課程與政治空間》（Deliberate Conflict: Composition Classes and Political Spaces，南伊利諾伊大學出版社，2004年）、《荒野中的聲音：清教徒公共領域的悖論》（Voices in the Wilderness: The Paradox of the Puritan Public Sphere，阿拉巴馬大學出版社，1999年）以及多篇書章和文章的作者。

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