Artificial Intelligence and the Perspective of Autonomous Surgery
暫譯: 人工智慧與自主手術的視角
Karcz, Konrad, Nawrat, Zbigniew, Gumbs, Andrew A.
相關主題
商品描述
This book has two heroes - the surgeon and the robot. The education system and intelligence can create a human who is specialized in surgery. While the accurate analysis of data with machine learning, AI, can create a more autonomous robot for surgery. Currently, robots still require human input in the decision-making loop, whether or not this will always be the case is an issue that still needs to be debated, analyzed and studied, preferably by computer scientists AND surgeons.
Surgeons and their patients are increasingly opting for less invasive surgeries. However, among their many advantages, there is an important issue: less invasiveness always means limited access to direct information from the operating field (3D image, local palpation sensations, all information about the "whole" patient and feedback from the accompanying team during teleoperation). To increase precision, we are increasingly using surgical robots and mechatronic instruments. The less invasive the surgery and the greater the precision of robotic micro-instruments, the greater the role of artificial intelligence methods, especially machine learning, which supports the surgeon in making decisions, planning and performing the procedure.
The development of artificial intelligence and further evidence of its effectiveness in various application fields mean that the work of a doctor is changing today. In the book, we address the issue of AI surgery, asking whether this means that an AI surgeon will be created? A key question about autonomous surgical robots will come up regularly: how far can we go with their autonomy while maintaining safe and effective procedures?
The book provides useful information on both early successes, failures, and expectations related to the development of new technologies in surgery. It is a guide written by various experts, intended for a wide audience: from medical development planners, through students, to doctors and decision-makers.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
這本書有兩位英雄 - 外科醫生和機器人。教育系統和智慧可以培養出專精於外科手術的人類。而透過機器學習和人工智慧對數據的準確分析，可以創造出更具自主性的手術機器人。目前，機器人在決策過程中仍然需要人類的輸入，這是否會永遠如此仍然是一個需要辯論、分析和研究的問題，最好由計算機科學家和外科醫生共同探討。
外科醫生和他們的病人越來越傾向於選擇微創手術。然而，在這些優勢中，有一個重要的問題：微創手術總是意味著對手術現場的直接信息（3D影像、局部觸診感受、關於整個病人的所有信息以及在遠程操作過程中來自陪伴團隊的反饋）的獲取有限。為了提高精確度，我們越來越多地使用手術機器人和機電儀器。手術越微創，機器人微型儀器的精確度越高，人工智慧方法的角色就越重要，特別是機器學習，這些方法支持外科醫生在決策、計劃和執行手術過程中的工作。
人工智慧的發展以及在各個應用領域中其有效性的進一步證據意味著醫生的工作正在發生變化。在這本書中，我們探討了人工智慧手術的問題，詢問這是否意味著將會創造出人工智慧外科醫生？關於自主手術機器人的一個關鍵問題將會定期出現：在保持安全和有效的手術過程中，我們的自主性可以達到多遠？
這本書提供了有關手術新技術發展的早期成功、失敗和期望的有用信息。它是由多位專家撰寫的指南，旨在面向廣泛的讀者群：從醫療發展規劃者、學生到醫生和決策者。
作者簡介
Konrad W. Karcz, MD, PhD, PHM Professor of Surgery, Professor of Medicine
Prof. Dr. Konrad W. Karcz is a highly qualified surgeon, specializing in general, aesthetic, micro, oncological, minimally invasive, and robotic surgery. He currently works at the Clinic for Plastic, Reconstructive, and Hand Surgery with the Burn Center at Klinikum Nürnberg and is associated with the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich, Germany. Prof. Karcz has gained extensive experience in both traditional and minimally invasive surgery at renowned institutions worldwide. He completed his medical degree at the Silesian Medical University in Katowice (Poland), gained experience at Cornell University in New York (USA), and habilitated at the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (Germany). He has held a W2 professorship at the University of Schleswig-Holstein and actually has professorship at the Ludwig Maximilian University. In addition to his medical qualifications, Prof. Karcz has substantial management training from the Silesian University of Economics in Katowice (Poland) and Harvard University in Boston (USA). These skills are essential for leading teams and executing complex projects successfully. Prof. Karcz has been twice awarded the title of Doctor Honoris Causa by David Agmashenebeli University and Grigol Robakidze University in Georgia. In 2018, he received a nomination from the President of the Republic of Poland for the title of Professor of Medicine in recognition of his scientific and educational achievements. His recent accolades include the Karl Storz Prize from the German Surgical Association (2019), the Gold Medal from David Agmashenebeli University in Georgia (2019), and the German Medical Awards (2020). Through international cooperation, he supports various scientific institutions and organizations.
Zbigniew Nawrat PhD, scientist, inventor, teacher, visionary. He is theoretician physicist by profession (University of Silesia Degree in 1984), who the own whole professional activity associated with the medicine (Doctorate of Medical Academy of Silesia in 1997 - subject artificial heart, 2013 habilitation - subject medical robotics). He is an author of pioneer researches in artificial organ domain, especially heart prostheses. Polish ventricular assist device POLVAD was first clinically applied in 1993. He is a father of cardiac surgery robot Robin Heart - which is a first Polish and European telemanipulator for heart surgery (licenses for one of the Robin Heart models PVA were sold in 2019). He is also a pioneer of application the computer simulation & virtual space technology to surgical planning process. Zbigniew Nawrat works in Medical University of Silesia (ass. prof. in Biophysics Department) as well as in Foundation of Cardiac Surgery Development as Creative Director now. He is a member of Biomechanics section and Biomaterials section of Polish Academy of Sciences. He is an organizer of many conferences and workshops e.g. BioMedTech Silesia, Surgical Workshop, Medical Robots. He founded the International Society for Medical Robotics in 2010 - president till now. He created and publishes (editor) the journal Medical Robotics Reports. Hobby: Poet, composer, musician, sailor. He released the music album "Rok dobrego czlowieka" ("A Year of Good Man") by ZAWRATU.
Andrew Gumbs MD, PhD, Full Professor of Surgery. He is by profession General-, oncological-, minimally invasive- and robotic trained surgeon. He is currently the Chief Surgical Officer at the American Hospital Tbilisi in Georgia. Professor Gumbs was previously Director of the Minimally Invasive Hepatic-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Program at SMG-MD Anderson Cancer Center and prior to that the Director of Minimally Invasive Hepatobiliary Surgery and at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He has been Instructor of Clinical Surgery at Cornell-Weill Medical College, Instructor of Clinical Surgery at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Assistant Professor of Surgery in the Department of Surgical Oncology at Fox Chase Cancer Center. He is the Editor-in-Chief of Artificial Intelligence Surgery (aisjournal.net) and is a member of the editorial boards for Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Mini-Invasive Surgery and Digestive Medicine Research. He is certified in general surgery, hepatic-pancreatic and biliary surgery and in minimally invasive surgery. He has delivered local, regional, national, and international invited presentations primarily devoted to artificial intelligence surgery and minimally invasive surgical techniques for the liver, pancreas, and digestive organs. His articles have been published in Annals of Surgery, Journal of the American College of Surgeons and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science. He has volunteered for Doctors Without Borders.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
Konrad W. Karcz，醫學博士，哲學博士，外科教授，內科教授
Konrad W. Karcz 教授是一位高素質的外科醫生，專門從事一般外科、美容外科、微創外科、腫瘤外科、機器人外科等領域。他目前在德國紐倫堡的整形、重建及手部外科診所及燒傷中心工作，並與慕尼黑的路德維希·馬克西米利安大學有關聯。Karcz 教授在全球知名機構獲得了傳統及微創外科的豐富經驗。他在波蘭卡托維茲的西里西亞醫科大學完成醫學學位，並在美國紐約的康奈爾大學獲得經驗，隨後在德國弗賴堡的阿爾伯特·路德維希大學取得資格認證。他曾在德國施勒斯維希-荷爾斯坦大學擔任 W2 教授，目前在路德維希·馬克西米利安大學擔任教授。除了醫學資格外，Karcz 教授還在波蘭卡托維茲的西里西亞經濟大學和美國波士頓的哈佛大學接受了大量的管理培訓，這些技能對於領導團隊和成功執行複雜項目至關重要。Karcz 教授曾兩次獲得喬治亞州大衛·阿格馬申貝利大學和格里戈爾·羅巴基澤大學的榮譽博士稱號。2018年，他獲得波蘭總統提名，獲得醫學教授稱號，以表彰其科學和教育成就。他最近的榮譽包括2019年德國外科協會的卡爾·斯托茲獎、2019年喬治亞州大衛·阿格馬申貝利大學的金獎，以及2020年的德國醫學獎。通過國際合作，他支持各種科學機構和組織。
Zbigniew Nawrat，哲學博士，科學家，發明家，教師，願景家
Zbigniew Nawrat 是一位理論物理學家（1984年獲得西里西亞大學學位），其整個職業生涯與醫學相關（1997年在西里西亞醫學院獲得博士學位，研究主題為人工心臟，2013年獲得資格認證，研究主題為醫療機器人）。他是人工器官領域的先驅研究作者，特別是在心臟假體方面。波蘭的心室輔助裝置 POLVAD 於1993年首次臨床應用。他是心臟外科機器人 Robin Heart 的創始人，這是第一個波蘭和歐洲的心臟手術遠程操作器（2019年售出 Robin Heart 模型 PVA 的許可證）。他還是將計算機模擬和虛擬空間技術應用於外科手術規劃過程的先驅。Zbigniew Nawrat 在西里西亞醫科大學（生物物理學系助理教授）和心臟外科發展基金會擔任創意總監。他是波蘭科學院生物力學和生物材料部門的成員。他組織了許多會議和研討會，例如 BioMedTech Silesia、外科研討會、醫療機器人。他於2010年創立了國際醫療機器人學會，並至今擔任會長。他創建並出版（編輯）期刊《醫療機器人報告》。興趣：詩人、作曲家、音樂家、帆船手。他發行了音樂專輯《Rok dobrego czlowieka》（《好人的一年》）由 ZAWRATU 發行。
Andrew Gumbs，醫學博士，哲學博士，外科全職教授
Andrew Gumbs 教授是一位專業的外科醫生，專長於一般外科、腫瘤外科、微創外科和機器人外科。他目前是喬治亞州美國醫院的首席外科官。Gumbs 教授曾擔任 SMG-MD 安德森癌症中心微創肝胰膽外科計劃的主任，並在此之前擔任費城福克斯追逐癌症中心的微創肝膽外科主任。他曾在康奈爾-韋爾醫學院擔任臨床外科講師，在哥倫比亞大學醫學院擔任臨床外科講師，並在福克斯追逐癌症中心的外科腫瘤學系擔任外科助理教授。他是《人工智慧外科》（aisjournal.net）的主編，並且是《腸胃道癌症期刊》、《微創外科》和《消化醫學研究》的編輯委員會成員。他在一般外科、肝胰膽外科和微創外科方面獲得認證。他曾在地方、區域、國家和國際會議上發表演講，主要專注於人工智慧外科和針對肝臟、胰臟及消化器官的微創外科技術。他的文章發表在《外科年鑑》、《美國外科醫師學會期刊》和《美國國家科學院會議錄》中。他曾為無國界醫生志願服務。
