Making Wise Decisions in a Smart World: Responsible Leadership in an Era of Artificial Intelligence

Good and smart decisions should be distinguished from wise decision-making -- especially in the age of artificial intelligence (AI) where algorithms are increasingly used to automate business processes or to augment the accuracy and speed of decisions. This book argues why specific forms of intelligence as well as consciousness and enhanced conscience are crucial to make wise decisions -- with consciousness to be clearly distinguished from intelligence. It also addresses why machine learning and smart computers (AI) are plausibly able to make 'smart' (and thus to a certain extent 'intelligent') decisions but definitely unable to help us to become wiser. In essence, optimizing a desired output in a business context will require a balanced approach with cognitive awareness and ethical reflection -- synthesizing intuitive and algorithmic thinking -- encompassing short-term profit and longer-term envisioning, and aiming to optimize created and captured value for shareholders while taking the concerns of those who have a real stake in the organization seriously. If business is about creating and sharing value in a future that is both 'digital' and 'relational', then innovative technologies like AI will play an increasingly important role. Consequently, mindful executives and their responsible boards therefore need to acknowledge the limitations of AI in business -- especially when the uncertain future is estimated to be rather volatile or ambiguous than stable.

在人工智慧（AI）時代，良好且明智的決策應該與智慧的決策能力區分開來，尤其是在算法越來越多地用於自動化業務流程或增強決策的準確性和速度的情況下。本書論述了為什麼特定形式的智慧以及意識和增強的良知對於做出明智的決策至關重要，並明確區分了意識與智慧的差異。它還解釋了為什麼機器學習和智能計算機（AI）有可能做出“聰明”（因此在某種程度上是“智能”）的決策，但絕對無法幫助我們變得更加智慧。從本質上講，在商業背景下優化期望的輸出將需要一種平衡的方法，具備認知意識和倫理反思，綜合直覺和算法思維，包括短期利潤和長期展望，並旨在優化股東創造和獲得的價值，同時認真考慮那些對組織有真正利益的人的關切。如果商業是關於在既是“數字”又是“關係”的未來中創造和分享價值，那麼像AI這樣的創新技術將扮演越來越重要的角色。因此，富有思考能力的高管和負責任的董事會需要承認AI在商業中的局限性，尤其是當不確定的未來被估計為相對不穩定或模糊的時候。