Measuring the Software Process

William A. Florac, Anita D. Carleton

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"While it is usually helpful to launch improvement programs, many such programs soon get bogged down in detail. They either address the wrong problems, or they keep beating on the same solutions, wondering why things don't improve. This is when you need an objective way to look at the problems. This is the time to get some data."
Watts S. Humphrey, from the Foreword

This book, drawing on work done at the Software Engineering Institute and other organizations, shows how to use measurements to manage and improve software processes. The authors explain specifically how quality characteristics of software products and processes can be quantified, plotted, and analyzed so the performance of software development activities can be predicted, controlled, and guided to achieve both business and technical goals. The measurement methods presented, based on the principles of statistical quality control, are illuminated by application examples taken from industry.

Although many of the methods discussed are applicable to individual projects, the book's primary focus is on the steps software development organizations can take toward broad-reaching, long-term success. The book particularly addresses the needs of software managers and practitioners who have already set up some kind of basic measurement process and are ready to take the next step by collecting and analyzing software data as a basis for making process decisions and predicting process performance.

Highlights of the book include:

  • Insight into developing a clear framework for measuring process behavior
  • Discussions of process performance, stability, compliance, capability, and improvement
  • Explanations of what you want to measure (and why) and instructions on how to collect your data
  • Step-by-step guidance on how to get started using statistical process control

If you have responsibilities for product quality or process performance and you are ready to use measurements to manage, control, and predict your software processes, this book will be an invaluable resource.

 

Table of Contents

Figures.


Foreword.


Preface.


Acknowledgments.


1. Managing and Measuring Process Behavior.

What Is a Software Process?

What Is Software Process Management?

The Role of Software Process Management.

Issues on the Road to Process Improvement.

The Need for Software Process Measurement.

Measuring Process Behavior.

A Framework for Process Behavior Measurement.

Summary.



2. Planning for Measurement.

Identifying Process Issues.

Selecting and Defining Measures.

Integrating Measures with the Software Process.

Summary.



3. Collecting the Data.

Principal Tasks.

The Specifics of Collecting Software Process Data.

Reviewing and Assessing Collected Data.

Retaining Data.

Tools for Understanding Your Data.

Summary.



4. Analyzing Process Behavior.

Separating Signals from Noise.

Evaluating Process Stability.

Control Chart Basics.

Summary.



5. Process Behavior Charts for Software Processes.

Control Charts for Variables or Discrete Data.

Control Charts for Attributes Data.

Summary.



6. More About Process Behavior Charts.

How Much Data Is Enough?

Anomalous Process Behavior Patterns.

Rational Sampling and Homogeneity of Subgroups.

Rational Subgrouping.

The Problem of Insufficient Granularity in Recorded Values.

Aggregation and Decomposition of Process Performance Data.

Summary.



7. Three Paths to Process Improvement.

Finding and Correcting Assignable Causes.

Process Capability.

Process Capability Analysis.

Improving the Process.

Improvement and Investment.

Summary.



8. Getting Started.

Ten Steps for Getting Started.

Frequently Asked Questions Regarding SPC.

Final Remarks.



Appendix A Control Chart Tables and Formulas.


Appendix B More About Analyzing Process Behavior.

Enumerative Versus Analytic Studies.

Three-Sigma Control Limits.

Central Limit Theorem and Role of the Normal Distribution.



Appendix C. Example Data and Calculations.

Appendix C.1.

Appendix C.2.



References.


Index.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

描述

儘管啟動改進計劃通常是有幫助的,但許多這樣的計劃很快就會陷入細節中。它們要麼解決錯誤的問題,要麼一直在使用相同的解決方案,想知道為什麼事情沒有改善。這就是你需要客觀地看待問題的時候。這就是需要一些數據的時候。——瓦茨·S·亨弗里(Watts S. Humphrey),引言

這本書借鑒了軟件工程研究所和其他組織的工作,展示了如何使用測量來管理和改進軟件流程。作者們具體解釋了如何量化、繪製和分析軟件產品和流程的質量特徵,以便預測、控制和引導軟件開發活動的性能,實現商業和技術目標。所介紹的測量方法基於統計質量控制原則,並通過行業應用實例進行了闡明。

儘管討論的方法中的許多方法適用於個別項目,但本書的主要重點是軟件開發組織可以採取的通向廣泛、長期成功的步驟。本書特別關注已經建立了某種基本測量流程並準備通過收集和分析軟件數據作為制定流程決策和預測流程性能的基礎的軟件經理和從業人員的需求。

本書的亮點包括:
- 洞察開發清晰的測量流程行為的框架
- 討論流程性能、穩定性、合規性、能力和改進
- 解釋您想要測量的內容(以及為什麼),並指導您如何收集數據
- 逐步指導如何開始使用統計過程控制

如果您對產品質量或流程性能負責,並且準備使用測量來管理、控制和預測軟件流程,本書將是一個寶貴的資源。

目錄

- 圖表
- 引言
- 前言
- 致謝
- 1. 管理和測量流程行為