The Arecibo Observatory: A History of Innovation and Discovery

本書由前任館長撰寫，呈現了著名的阿雷西博天文台及其305公尺的射電天文望遠鏡的歷史記錄，該望遠鏡因其開創性的科學發現以及在詹姆斯·邦德電影《金眼》中扮演的明星角色而廣為人知。故事詳述了望遠鏡的規劃、資金籌措和建設過程；參與該項目的策劃者和貢獻者；以及美國國防部在資助建設方面的參與。書中還包括了望遠鏡在三個研究領域的開創性科學成就，分別是電離層物理學、行星科學和射電天文學。本書繼續介紹該地點後來的升級，顯示阿雷西博望遠鏡在過去50多年中無疑仍然是世界上最具多功能性和生產力的射電科學儀器。這段歷史記錄將吸引天文學家和科學史學家，並為20世紀天文學的歷史做出寶貴的貢獻。

Donald Campbell obtained his BSc and MSc degrees in physics from the University of Sydney in 1962 and 1964, respectively. For his MSc he worked on aspects of the initial construction of the Molongo (Mill's) Cross radio telescope. In 1971 he obtained a PhD from Cornell University based on early radar interferometric mapping of the surface of Venus using the Arecibo 305 m telescope. As a graduate student he also became involved with polarization studies of pulsars. With one brief interruption, he was on the staff of the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico from 1971 to 1987 working on radar studies of planets and satellites with emphasis on imaging the surface of Venus beneath its dense cloud cover. This work resulted in the first large scale image of the surface of Venus with good enough resolution to identify impact craters and other geologic features. For this he was awarded the "NASA Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement" in 1984. He was appointed Associate Director ofthe Observatory in 1979 and served as Director from 1981 to 1987. In 1988 he joined the faculty of the astronomy department at Cornell University continuing his planetary studies including as a co-investigator on the Magellan radar mission to Venus. Working with Cornell graduate students, he "explored" the polar regions of the Moon looking for evidence of ice deposits, studied the radar scattering properties of the icy satellites of Jupiter and Saturn, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Titan and Iapetus, and used the polarization properties of the reflected radar signals to investigate surficial deposits on the surface of Venus and to look for regoliths on near earth asteroids. Campbell was heavily involved with the 1990s upgrading of the Arecibo telescope, served as Associate Director of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which managed the Arecibo Observatory for Cornell and the National Science Foundation, from 1993 to 2003 and as its Director from 2008 to 2011. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a member of the American Astronomical Society and the American Geophysical Union. He was a Vice-President of the AAS from 1992 to 1995.

唐納德·坎貝爾（Donald Campbell）於1962年和1964年分別在悉尼大學獲得物理學的學士和碩士學位。在他的碩士研究中，他參與了莫隆戈（Mill's）交叉射電望遠鏡初步建設的相關工作。1971年，他在康奈爾大學獲得博士學位，研究主題為使用阿雷西博305米望遠鏡對金星表面進行早期雷達干涉測繪。作為研究生，他還參與了對脈衝星的偏振研究。除了短暫的中斷外，他自1971年至1987年在波多黎各的阿雷西博天文台任職，專注於行星和衛星的雷達研究，特別是成像金星在其濃厚雲層下的表面。這項工作產生了第一幅具有足夠解析度以識別撞擊坑和其他地質特徵的金星表面大規模影像。為此，他於1984年獲得了「NASA傑出科學成就獎勳章」。他於1979年被任命為天文台副主任，並於1981年至1987年擔任主任。1988年，他加入康奈爾大學天文系的教職，繼續進行行星研究，包括作為金星麥哲倫雷達任務的共同研究員。與康奈爾的研究生合作，他「探索」了月球的極地地區，尋找冰沉積物的證據，研究了木星和土星的冰衛星（歐羅巴、甘尼美德、卡利斯托、泰坦和伊阿佩圖斯）的雷達散射特性，並利用反射雷達信號的偏振特性調查金星表面的沉積物，並尋找近地小行星上的風化層。坎貝爾在1990年代參與了阿雷西博望遠鏡的升級，並於1993年至2003年擔任國家天文與電離層中心的副主任，該中心負責管理阿雷西博天文台，並於2008年至2011年擔任其主任。他是美國科學促進會的會士，也是美國天文學會和美國地球物理聯合會的成員。他於1992年至1995年擔任美國天文學會的副會長。