Optics, Light and Lasers: The Practical Approach to Modern Aspects of Photonics and Laser Physics, 2/e

Description

Starting from the concepts of classical optics, Optics, Light and Lasers introduces in detail the phenomena of linear and nonlinear light matter interaction, the properties of modern laser sources, and the concepts of quantum optics. Several examples taken from the scope of modern research are provided to emphasize the relevance of optics in current developments within science and technology. The text has been written for newcomers to the topic and benefits from the author's ability to explain difficult sequences and effects in a straightforward and easily comprehensible way. To this second, completely updated and enlarged edition, new chapters on quantum optics, quantum information, matter waves, photonic fibres and materials have been added, as well as more than 100 problems on laser physics and applied optics.

 

Preface.

1 Light rays.

1.1 Light rays in human experience.

1.2 Ray optics.

1.3 Reflection.

1.4 Refraction.

1.5 Fermat’s principle: the optical path length.

1.6 Prisms.

1.7 Light rays in wave guides.

1.8 Lenses and curved mirrors.

1.9 Matrix optics.

1.10 Ray optics and particle optics.

Problems for chapter 1.

2 Wave optics.

2.1 Electromagnetic radiation fields.

2.2 Wave types.

2.3 Gaussian beams.

2.4 Polarization.

2.5 Diffraction.

Problems for chapter 2.

3 Light propagation in matter.

3.1 Dielectric interfaces.

3.2 Complex refractive index.

3.3 Optical wave guides and fibres.

3.4 Functional types and applications of optical fibres.

3.5 Photonic materials.

3.6 Light pulses in dispersive materials.

3.7 Anisotropic optical materials.

3.8 Optical modulators.

Problems for chapter 3.

4 Optical images.

4.1 The human eye.

4.2 Magnifying glass and eyepiece.

4.3 Microscopes.

4.4 Telescopes.

4.5 Lenses: designs and aberrations.

Problems for chapter 4.

5 Coherence and interferometry.

5.1 Young’s double slit.

5.2 Coherence and correlation.

5.3 The double-slit experiment.

5.4 Michelson interferometer: longitudinal coherence.

5.5 Fabry–Perot interferometer.

5.6 Optical cavities.

5.7 Thin optical films.

5.8 Holography.

5.9 Laser speckle (laser granulation).

Problems for chapter 5.

6 Light and matter.

6.1 Classical radiation interaction.

6.2 Two-level atoms.

6.3 Stimulated and spontaneous radiation processes.

6.4 Inversion and amplification.

Problems for chapter 6.

7 The laser.

7.1 The classic system: the He–Ne laser.

7.2 Mode selection in the He–Ne laser.

7.3 Spectral properties of the He–Ne laser.

7.4 Applications of the He–Ne laser.

7.5 Other gas lasers.

7.6 Molecular gas lasers.

7.7 The workhorses: solid-state lasers.

7.8 Selected solid-state lasers.

7.9 Tunable lasers with vibronic states.

7.10 Tunable ring lasers.

Problems for chapter 7.

8 Laser dynamics.

8.1 Basic laser theory.

8.2 Laser rate equations.

8.3 Threshold-less lasers and micro-lasers.

8.4 Laser noise.

8.5 Pulsed lasers.

Problems for chapter 8.

9 Semiconductor lasers.

9.1 Semiconductors.

9.2 Optical properties of semiconductors.

9.3 The heterostructure laser.

9.4 Dynamic properties of semiconductor lasers.

9.5 Laser diodes, diode lasers, laser systems.

9.6 High-power laser diodes.

Problems for chapter 9.

10 Sensors for light.

10.1 Characteristics of optical detectors.

10.2 Fluctuating opto-electronic quantities.

10.3 Photon noise and detectivity limits.

10.4 Thermal detectors.

10.5 Quantum sensors I: photomultiplier tubes.

10.6 Quantum sensors II: semiconductor sensors.

10.7 Position and image sensors.

Problems for chapter 10.

11 Laser spectroscopy.

11.1 Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF).

11.2 Absorption and dispersion.

11.3 The width of spectral lines.

11.4 Doppler-free spectroscopy.

11.5 Transient phenomena.

11.6 Light forces.

Problems for chapter 11.

12 Photons – an introduction to quantum optics.

12.1 Does light exhibit quantum character?

12.2 Quantization of the electromagnetic field.

12.3 Spontaneous emission.

12.4 Weak coupling and strong coupling.

12.5 Resonance fluorescence.

12.6 Light fields in quantum optics.

12.7 Two-photon optics.

12.8 Entangled photons.

Problems for chapter 12.

13 Nonlinear optics I: optical mixing processes.

13.1 Charged anharmonic oscillators.

13.2 Second-order nonlinear susceptibility.

13.3 Wave propagation in nonlinear media.

13.4 Frequency doubling.

13.5 Sum and difference frequency.

13.6 Optical parametric oscillators.

Problems for chapter 13.

14 Nonlinear optics II: four-wave mixing.

14.1 Frequency tripling in gases.

14.2 Nonlinear refraction coefficient (optical Kerr effect).

14.3 Self-phase modulation.

Problems for chapter 14.

Appendix.

A Mathematics for optics.

A.1 Spectral analysis of fluctuating measurable quantities.

A.2 Poynting theorem.

B Supplements in quantum mechanics.

B.1 Temporal evolution of a two-state system.

B.2 Density-matrix formalism.

B.3 Density of states.

Bibliography.

Index.

《光學、光與雷射》從經典光學的概念開始，詳細介紹了線性和非線性光物質相互作用的現象，現代雷射光源的特性，以及量子光學的概念。書中提供了幾個現代研究範疇的例子，以強調光學在科學和技術發展中的重要性。本書針對初學者撰寫，作者能夠以直觀易懂的方式解釋困難的序列和效應。在這第二版中，新增了關於量子光學、量子資訊、物質波、光纖和材料的章節，以及100多個關於雷射物理和應用光學的問題。

目錄:
前言
1 光線
1.1 人類經驗中的光線
1.2 光線光學
1.3 反射
1.4 折射
1.5 費馬原理：光路長度
1.6 棱鏡
1.7 波導中的光線
1.8 透鏡和曲面鏡
1.9 矩陣光學
1.10 光線光學和粒子光學
第一章問題
2 波動光學
2.1 電磁輻射場
2.2 波的類型
2.3 高斯光束
2.4 偏振
2.5 衍射
第二章問題
3 光在物質中的傳播
3.1 介面的折射
3.2 複折射率
3.3 光波導和光纖
3.4 光纖的功能類型和應用
3.5 光子材料
3.6 色散材料中的光脈衝
3.7 異向性光學材料
3.8 光調製器
第三章問題
4 光學影像
4.1 人眼
4.2 放大鏡和目鏡
4.3 顯微鏡
4.4 望遠鏡
4.5 透鏡：設計和像差
第四章問題
5 相干與干涉
5.1 揚氏雙縫
5.2 相干和相關性
5.3 雙縫實驗
5.4 米氏干涉儀：縱向相干性
5.5 法布里-珀羅干涉儀
5.6 光腔
5.7 薄光學膜
5.8 全息術
5.9 激光散斑（激光顆粒化）
第五章問題
6 光與物質
6.1 經典輻射相互作用
6.2 雙能級原子
6.3 受激和自發輻射過程
6.4 反轉和放大
第六章問題
7 雷射
7.1 經典系統：氦氖雷射
7.2 氦氖雷射的模式選擇
7.3 氦氖雷射的光譜特性
7.4 氦氖雷射的應用
7.5 其他氣體雷射
7.6 分子氣體雷射
7.7 木星